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Total Knee Replacement

Total Knee Replacement Surgery - Procedure & Benefits at Curific Health Care

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    What is Total Knee Replacement?

    Total knee replacement (TKR), or total knee arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure that replaces a damaged or worn-out knee joint with an artificial implant. This involves replacing the entire knee joint—comprising the ends of your thighbone (femur), shinbone (tibia), and potentially the kneecap (patella)—with metal and plastic components designed to mimic your natural knee function.

    TKR is one of the most successful medical procedures, typically recommended when conservative treatments such as medications, physical therapy, or injections fail to provide relief from severe pain.

    The primary goals of TKR include pain relief, improving mobility, correcting leg deformities, and aiding patients in resuming their normal activities. With appropriate precautions and modifications in activity, knee replacements can last several years and enhance your quality of life.

    Curific Health Care – Best Healthcare Centre for Knee Replacement Surgery ?

    Total Knee Replacement Surgery

    In total knee replacement (TKR) surgery, both sides of the knee joint are replaced. The surgeon removes damaged cartilage and bone from the knee and replaces them with a metal and plastic implant to restore the knee’s alignment and function. This procedure typically takes 1-3 hours and is usually recommended for patients with widespread damage across the entire knee joint due to conditions like severe arthritis.

    Partial Knee Replacement Surgery

    Partial knee replacement (PKR) involves replacing only one side (medial or lateral) of the knee joint, either the inside or outside compartment. A smaller incision is made to access the affected area, and the damaged cartilage and bone in the targeted compartment are removed and replaced with an artificial joint. Partial knee replacement requires less bone and soft tissue dissection, making it less invasive and less taxing on the body compared to total knee replacement. It is typically recommended for patients with localized damage in the knee joint.

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      Knee Replacement Surgery at Curific Health Care

      What Are The Types Of Total Knee Replacement?

      There are multiple types of implants used in TKR surgery. The choice depends on various factors, including the patient’s age, weight, activity level, and anatomy. Here are some types of implants:

      • Metal on Plastic: This is the most common type of implant used, where a metal femoral component rides on a plastic spacer attached to the tibial component. It’s the least expensive and has the longest safety and implant lifespan record.

      • Ceramic on Plastic: For patients sensitive to certain metals, a ceramic femoral component rides on a plastic spacer.

      • Ceramic on Ceramic: Both femoral and tibial components are made of ceramic, which is least likely to cause body reactions but may squeak when the patient is walking.

      • Metal on Metal: Both femoral and tibial components are made of metal. This type is less commonly used due to concerns about metal traces leaking into the bloodstream.

      Each implant type is designed to provide smooth movement, minimize wear, and last several years. Further, advanced materials and manufacturing techniques have improved implant durability and reduced complication rates. However, they can still wear out or loosen over time, especially in younger, more active patients.

      Diagnosis Before Total Knee Replacement Surgery

      It is essential to accurately diagnose your condition before recommending TKR surgery. Several diagnostic tests may be conducted to determine the severity of damage to the knee joint. These tests include:

      • Physical Evaluation: Your doctor will thoroughly assess your condition, involving your medical history, symptoms, and a detailed physical examination.

      • X-rays: This allows the doctor to view the degree of damage to your knee joint.

      • MRI Scan: This imaging scan allows your doctor to assess the condition of the muscles, cartilage, and ligaments around your knee.

      • Knee Aspiration: In cases where an infection is suspected, your doctor might recommend a knee aspiration. The fluid is extracted from your knee and sent for testing.

      • Ultrasonication and Molecular Diagnostic Studies: These modern techniques are used to identify infections by detecting microorganisms present in the affected area.

      What Is The Procedure For Total Knee Replacement?

      TKR surgery involves a damaged or diseased knee joint being replaced with artificial components. Here are the steps involved:

      • Anaesthesia: The surgery is performed under general anaesthesia. This means you will be unconscious during the procedure.

      • Incision: The surgeon makes an incision in the front of your knee to access the joint.

      • Removal of Damaged Cartilage and Bone: The damaged parts of your thigh and shin bones are removed.

      • Fitting Prosthetic Components: The ends of these bones are then reshaped to accommodate the prosthetic components. These are fixed into place using bone cement or a special porous coating that encourages bone growth into the prosthesis.

      • Resurfacing of Patella: The backside of your kneecap may also be resurfaced and fitted with a plastic button.

      • Checking for Proper Functioning: Your knee’s range of motion is tested, after which the surgeon closes the incision.

      Who Is The Right Candidate For Total Knee Replacement?

      TKR is a significant procedure and may not be suitable for everyone. The eligibility for this surgery depends on various factors such as:

      • Knee Inflammation: If there’s persistent inflammation in your knee that doesn’t improve with rest or medications.

      • Deformed Knee: A visible deformity in the knee might indicate the need for surgery.

      • Failed Other Treatments: If other treatments like physiotherapy, use of anti-inflammatory medicines, restriction of activities, and use of walking supports have not helped.

      • Quality of Life: If your knee condition hinders your quality of life, making everyday tasks like walking or climbing stairs difficult, TKR can be a viable option.

      Remember, it’s crucial to discuss your conditions thoroughly with your doctor to understand if TKR is the right choice for you.

      What Are The Benefits Of Total Knee Replacement?

      TKR can feel like a daunting prospect, but there are many advantages to the procedure. A successful operation can offer:

      • Pain Reduction: A significant reduction or even complete elimination of knee pain can drastically improve your daily life.
      • Improved Range of Motion: Post-surgery gives you an improved range of motion and function in your knee joint more freely and naturally.
      • Increased Activity Level: An increased activity level allows you to return to normal activities and hobbies that your knee pain may have previously inhibited.
      • Enhanced Independence: Restored personal mobility, allowing you to move around confidently without the assistance of others.
      • Healthier Lifestyle: Increased strength, stability, and exercise ability contribute to maintaining a healthy weight.
      • Improved Overall Quality of Life: Means less pain, better sleep, more activity, and an overall happier outlook on lifestyle.

      How To Prepare For Total Knee Replacement?

      Getting ready for TKR involves more than just marking the date on your calendar. There are several key steps you’ll need to take:

      • Pre-Operative Education: Attend a pre-operative education class to understand the details of the surgery, hospital stay, and recovery process.
      • Quit Smoking: Smoking increases the risk of complications during and after surgery.
      • Lose Weight: Carrying extra weight puts additional stress on your new joint.
      • Strengthen Muscles: Engage in exercises to strengthen the muscles around your knee, which can aid recovery post-surgery.
      • Arrange Help at Home: Arrange for some help at home for the first few weeks after surgery to assist you with daily tasks.

      What Are The Recovery Tips and Precautions To Follow After Total Knee Replacement?

      Recovering from a total knee replacement requires dedicated care. Here are some tips for a smoother recovery:

      • Physical Therapy: Follow the physical therapy plan to regain strength and range of motion.
      • Assistive Devices: Use assistive devices like walkers or canes for additional support as directed by your doctor.
      • Limit Knee Movement: Avoid bending the knee past 90 degrees for the first 6 weeks post-surgery.
      • Avoid Cross-Leg Position: Keep from crossing your legs at the knees and twisting the knee joint.
      • Maintain a Healthy Weight: Reduces stress on your new joint.
      • Engage in Low-Impact Activities: Activities like walking, swimming, and cycling are generally safe and excellent for recovery.

      Potential Risks Or Complications Associated With Total Knee Replacement

      While TKR is generally safe, it’s important to be aware of potential risks and complications.

      • Infection: There is a small chance of infection post-surgery. It’s essential to follow all prescribed medications and wound care instructions rigorously.
      • Blood Clots in Leg Veins: Blood clots can form in the legs. Prevent this by moving your legs regularly, using prescribed compression devices, or taking blood-thinning medication if necessary.
      • Nerve Damage: While uncommon, there may be a risk of nerve damage leading to numbness or weakness in the leg.
      • Implant Loosening or Wear Over Time: This may require further surgery over time. Regular check-ups can identify any issues with your implant.
      • Stiffness or Limited Range of Motion: Some may experience limited movement post-surgery. Physical therapy can help overcome this.
      • Fracture Around the Implant: Although rare, a fracture may occur around the implant. Careful movement and adherence to post-operative precautions reduce this risk.

      Thoroughly discuss any concerns you may have with your orthopaedic surgeon, ensuring prolonged implant life and improved mobility.

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